Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS/scale 1-9) and Visual Analogue Scale (0-10) applied to rated subjective sleepiness and fatigue level, and saliva amylase was used to measure the participants’ stress level that collected using Cocoro meter nipro. Thirteen participants involved in all 4 experiments, each of them conducted in different day in random fashion. First driving-condition ended with 60minutes rest, while the second had 30 minutes break between and ended with 30 minutes rest.
For sleep hour variable it consist of ± 4 hours and ± 8 hours sleep before driving and for long duration driving consist of non-stop 5 hours driving, and 2,5hr driving x 2 session. To aim this objective, within subject 2x2 experiments was conducted. This study is intended to compare the impact of prior normal sleep hour and sleep reduction during long duration driving to subjective sleepiness, fatigue and stress level.
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Sleep prior to driving has been discussed widely in fatigue driving research focusing on how it affected driver on duty. The secondary task did not counteract declining performance.
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Results also suggest that drivers with heightened sleep-need could protect their performance for a short time, perhaps by exerting effort to compensate for reduced capacity. These results confirm that both sleep-need and time-on-task negatively affect driver state, and that time-on-task decrements in driver performance can occur in the absence of heightened sleep-need. There were no significant effects on the measure of speed variability. Results demonstrated effects of time-on-task and sleep need on self-report ratings, an effect of time-on-task on EEG indices, and an interaction of sleep-need and time-on-task on an EEG index of mental workload and on the lateral control measure of driving performance. This task manipulation has been demonstrated to reduce performance decrements over time. In addition, half of the participants in each sleep group read the applicable speed limit from periodic roadside signs whereas the others performed an arithmetic calculation, displayed on the signs, to determine the speed limit. Level of physiological sleep-need was manipulated between participants by varying the instructed time spent in bed on the night before testing (≤5h or ≥ 8 h). This study (N = 60) investigated lateral and longitudinal vehicle control, subjective fatigue and physiological response (EEG) during three 10-minute periods of time-on-task spread across a monotonous, 2-hour simulator drive. However, the relative and combined effects of these factors in the context of monotonous driving have not been well studied. The results have clear implications for the rapid onset of performance deterioration in low demand monotonous tasks and demonstrate that these detrimental performance effects can be overcome with simple solutions, such as making the task more cognitively engaging.īoth sleep- and task-related factors are thought to contribute to driver fatigue, with each factor individually associated with deteriorated driving performance. Practitioner Summary: This study provides evidence for the importance of cognitive demand in mitigating monotony-related effects on performance. This study highlights possible strategies for mitigating these adverse effects. Monotony is an inherent characteristic of transport industries, including rail, aviation and road transport, which can have adverse impact on safety, reliability and efficiency. These results highlight the seriously detrimental effects of the combination of monotony and low task demands and clearly show that even a relatively minor increase in cognitive demand can mitigate adverse monotony-related effects on performance for extended periods of time. Both were highly monotonous and differed only in terms of the level of cognitive demand required (i.e. Participants completed one of two simulated train-driving scenarios. This is despite the fact that task-related characteristics, such as monotony and low task demand, have been shown to contribute to performance decrements over time. Although monotony is widely recognised as being detrimental to performance, its occurrence and effects are not yet well understood.
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